Comparative study of degree-based molecular descriptors of cyclodextrins through M-polynomial and NM-polynomial

Cyclodextrins are natural oligosaccharides used to increase the solubility of drugs. It has numerous applications in drug discovery, food storage and other fields. Loftsson et al. explained about applications of Cyclodextrins(CDs) in administrating the drugs through various ways. Jansook et al. has given insights into the structure, physicochemical properties and pharmaceutical applications of CDs. In the present work, cyclodextrin and its derivatives such as α, β, γ CDs are studied for which various degree and neighborhood degree-based topological indices are computed through M-polynomial and NM-polynomial respectively and the comparison of the indices for all three types of cyclodextrins are presented which are of great importance in QSPR/QSAR studies.     

A potential pentaerythritol-based bio-lubricants from 10-undecylenic acid: Its physico-chemical assessment

In this study, renewable, non-toxic, sulphur free bio-lubricants are synthesized as alternative for fossil fuels. We utilized a bio-derived 10-undecylenic acid (UDA) and pentaerythritol (PE) as raw materials to synthesize bio-lubricants by two-step chemical processes like esterification and followed by epoxidation reactions. And achieved a UDA-PE epoxide yielded 73.4%. The formation of UDA-PE ester and UDA-PE epoxide was confirmed by spectral analysis such as NMR (¹H and ¹³C), FTIR and mass spectra, Physico-chemical and basic lubricant properties by standard American Society for Testing and Materials methods (ASTM). The results showed that the products of UDA-PE ester and UDA-PE epoxide had high viscosity index (262 and 200), good pour points (−29 °C to −15 °C), high flash points (296 °C and 301 °C) respectively and these met the ISO VG (International Organization for Standardization-Viscosity grade) 22 and 220 standard values. In general, both synthesized products are plausible to be employed as bio-lubricant in industrial application.     

Production of high-purity carbon dioxide and sodium bicarbonate by lime cellar gas cleaning and chemical recycling: Process simulation and techno-economic analysis

The cement industry is responsible for 8% of total global CO₂ emissions, which mainly originate from limestone calcination and fuel combustion. In view of the application potential of using CO₂ to produce chemicals, this paper developed a novel process based on the Aspen Plus process simulation for the co-production of 99.99% CO₂ by means of Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) absorption/desorption and NaHCO₃ by carbonization of CO₂, NH₃ and Na₂SO₄. The effects of absorption temperature, NH₃ and Na₂SO₄ feeding amount, crystallizer temperature and pressure on CO₂ capture rate and utilization rate were explored. The results showed that the best CO₂ capture rate was achieved when the cellar gas inlet temperature of the absorber tower was 37 °C; Saturated Na₂SO₄ solution was favorable for CO₂ absorption, and the CO₂ utilization rate increased with the increase of Na₂SO₄ dosage; NaHCO₃ yield decreased with the increase of crystallizing temperature, and the best NaHCO₃ yield was achieved when the crystallizer temperature was 35.5 °C; Crystallizing pressure had little impact on the reaction. Economic analysis showed that the project will start to be profitable in 6.48 years with a Net Return Rate (NRR) value of 13.51%. It indicates that the project has economic benefits and provides a new way to reduce CO₂ emissions from lime cellar gas.     

New azo derivative and their divalent metal ion complexes: Synthesis,characterization, and evaluation of their antibacterial activity

A new azo derivative 3-((4-H1benzo[d]imidazole-2-yl)-4-hydroxy benzaldehyde was prepared by reaction of benzimidazole derivative with 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde. The all-final compounds were diagnosis and determined the structure of these compounds using a variety of spectroscopic methods, including 1H-NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, mass spectrometry magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that all metal ion complexes have an octahedral shape. Antimicrobial activity of the ligand and its metal ion complex had been tested against some selected microorganism such Streptococcus pyogenes a species of Gram-positive and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterium gram-negative, all prepared compounds displayed a strong antibacterial activity. Taken together, the results of the current study indicated that the new Azo derivative and their divalent metal ion complexes could be used as a future strategy for other biomedical applications.     

Genetic Bee Colony (GBC) algorithm: A new gene selection method for microarray cancer classification

Naturally inspired evolutionary algorithms prove effectiveness when used for solving feature selection and classification problems. Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) is a relatively new swarm intelligence method. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid gene selection method, namely Genetic Bee Colony (GBC) algorithm. The proposed algorithm combines the used of a Genetic Algorithm (GA) along with Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm. The goal is to integrate the advantages of both algorithms. The proposed algorithm is applied to a microarray gene expression profile in order to select the most predictive and informative genes for cancer classification. In order to test the accuracy performance of the proposed algorithm, extensive experiments were conducted. Three binary microarray datasets are use, which include: colon, leukemia, and lung. In addition, another three multi-class microarray datasets are used, which are: SRBCT, lymphoma, and leukemia. Results of the GBC algorithm are compared with our recently proposed technique: mRMR when combined with the Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (mRMR-ABC). We also compared the combination of mRMR with GA (mRMR-GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (mRMR-PSO) algorithms. In addition, we compared the GBC algorithm with other related algorithms that have been recently published in the literature, using all benchmark datasets. The GBC algorithm shows superior performance as it achieved the highest classification accuracy along with the lowest average number of selected genes. This proves that the GBC algorithm is a promising approach for solving the gene selection problem in both binary and multi-class cancer classification.     

自由Rota-Baxter代数的因子分解

近年来,Rota-Baxter代数在数学和物理学中有着广泛的应用,受到越来越多的关注,自由Rota-Baxter代数分别用括号字,根树以及Motzkin路径得到了构造.因子分解在代数学中是一个很重要的问题.本文主要考虑用括号字构造的自由RotaBaxter代数,得到了自由Rota-Baxter代数中基元素的因子分解.